Physical Abuse

Definition

Deliberately aggressive or violent behavior by one person toward another that results in bodily injury. Physical abuse may involve such actions as punching, kicking, biting, choking, burning, shaking, and beating, which may at times be severe enough to result in permanent damage (e.g., traumatic brain injury) or death.

Individuals who experience physical abuse often feel helpless and isolated and are prone to the subsequent development of numerous pathological conditions, including depression, eating disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance use problems.

Watch this informative video to see how abuse can affect you.

Signs of Physical Abuse

Physical signs of abuse can include:

  • Bumps, bruises, and scratches, though sometimes these can happen from a simple fall and not abuse

  • Cuts, bruises, and bumps on the arms or legs, which may happen while trying to defend oneself

  • A swollen or bruised eye

  • A bruised scalp

  • Bruises shaped like an object or hand

  • Bite marks

  • Burns or scalds, which may be shaped like an object, such as a cigarette

  • Broken bones

  • Scars

  • Vomiting, seizures, drowsiness, or confusion, which could be signs of poisoning

  • Breathing problems from suffocation or near drowning

Additionally, emotional sings of abuse can manifest as significant mood changes such as:

  • Becoming more withdrawn, fearful, angry, anxious, or depressed;

  • Behavioral changes like avoiding social interactions or showing a sudden disinterest in previously enjoyed activities;

  • Trouble sleeping;

  • Missing school or work more often;

  • Changes in eating habits, like eating too much or too little;

  • Using alcohol or drugs more often;

  • Low self-esteem;

  • Trouble focusing or concentrating;

  • Feeling lonely or isolated;

  • Hurting oneself on purpose;

Prevention and Awareness

Everyone has a role in preventing physical abuse. Learning to recognize the physical and emotional signs of abuse is the first step. Encouraging open communication, offering support to potential victims, and reporting suspected abuse to the appropriate authorities can help stop it from happening to a friend, family member, or even someone you do not know.